Comprehensive Bee Pathogen Screening in Belgium Reveals Crithidia mellificae as a New Contributory Factor to Winter Mortality a comprehensive bee pathogen screening in Belgium covering 363 bee colonies that were screened for 18 known disease-causing pathogens and correlate their incidence in...

Nosema ceranae Escapes Fumagillin Control in Honey Bees Fumagillin is the only antibiotic approved for control of nosema disease in honey bees and has been extensively used in United States apiculture for more than 50 years for control of Nosema apis. It is toxic to mammals and must be applied...

Physiological and Behavioral Changes in Honey Bees (Apis mellifera) Induced by Nosema ceranae Infection Infection with the microsporidian, Nosema apis, has been shown to advance behavioral maturation in workers. Nosema ceranae had a negative effect on lifespan (z = 3.97, n = 363, p<0.0001...